The growing number of dual-career families highlights the need to understand role transitions between work and family domains. When individuals achieve work-related success, they often share their accomplishments with their spouses, a process known as work-family interpersonal capitalization. This study, grounded in Affective Events Theory, examines how work-family interpersonal capitalization enhances relationship quality and work performance through the mediating role of pride and the moderating effect of family-supportive leadership. Using multi-phase surveys and scenario-based experiments, the findings show that (1) work-family interpersonal capitalization positively impacts relationship quality and work performance; (2) pride explains this positive relationship; and (3) family-supportive leadership strengthens the mediating effect of pride. This research enriches the understanding of work-family interpersonal capitalization, extends affective events theory, and offers practical insights for supporting dual-career employees.