The rapid growth of the Space Economy (SE) presents exciting opportunities for research in Operations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM). The extreme and unpredictable conditions in SE distinctly set it apart from traditional manufacturing and other operational contexts. The wide-ranging impacts of growing SE —which includes activities such as satellite manufacturing, space exploration, and the commercialization of space technologies— are more increasingly influencing technological innovation and global supply chains, among other areas. Despite this, limited contextual understanding of the SE by management scholars constrains the potential of management studies in this area. Drawing on insights from over 135 hours of interviews with executives in the space economy, we identify key research questions across nine themes which are particularly worthful for investigation by OSCM scholars.