Measuring Cultural Intelligence (CQ) is fundamental for developing cultural competencies and effectively managing intercultural relationships. This paper explores the challenges of measuring CQ, emphasizing the theoretical distinctions between reflective and formative models and alternative measurement approaches. A review of existing CQ measurement instruments uncovers the limitations of existing approaches. The self-assessment and self-report nature of most CQ instruments raise concerns about socially desirable response bias. Alternative methods, such as behavior-based techniques, show promise but face administrative and cost-related barriers. While reflective models offer a more transparent and straightforward approach, formative models better capture the complex nature of CQ but present more significant validation challenges. The study highlights the need for reliable measurement systems supporting academic research and the practical development of intercultural competencies. The findings provide guidance for improving international leadership strategies and workforce selection processes.
